Calculate file download/upload times at different speeds. Convert between bandwidth units and estimate data transfer durations.
| File Type | Size | Time at Your Speed |
|---|
Bandwidth is measured in bits per second (bps), while file sizes are measured in bytes. Since 1 byte = 8 bits, a 100 Mbps connection can transfer about 12.5 MB per second in ideal conditions. Real-world speeds are typically 70-90% of advertised speeds due to overhead.
| Unit | Bits/Second | Typical Use |
|---|---|---|
| Kbps | 1,000 | Dial-up, IoT devices |
| Mbps | 1,000,000 | Home broadband, WiFi |
| Gbps | 1,000,000,000 | Fiber, data centers |
ISPs advertise speeds in Mbps (megabits), but downloads show MB/s (megabytes). Divide your Mbps by 8 to get MB/s. A 100 Mbps connection downloads at ~12.5 MB/s maximum. Additional factors include network congestion, server limits, and protocol overhead.